Nitrocalcite: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox_Salt | {{Infobox_Salt | ||
|Footnote = <ref>http://www.mindat.org/min-2919.html seen on 29.07.2010</ref> | |Footnote = <ref>http://www.mindat.org/min-2919.html seen on 29.07.2010</ref> | ||
|photo = HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-10-1.jpg|300px | |photo = [[File:HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-10-1.jpg|300px]] | ||
|mineralogical_Name = Nitrocalcite | |mineralogical_Name = Nitrocalcite | ||
|chemical_Name = Calcium Nitrate | |chemical_Name = Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate | ||
|Trivial_Name = Nitrate of lime | |Trivial_Name = Nitrate of lime | ||
|chemical_Formula =Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•4H<sub>2</sub>O | |chemical_Formula =Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•4H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
|Hydratforms = | |Hydratforms =Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•2H<sub>2</sub>O ([[calcium nitrate dihydrate]]) <br> Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•3H<sub>2</sub>O ([[calcium nitrate trihydrate]]) | ||
| | |Crystal_System =monoclinic | ||
|Crystal_Structure = | |Crystal_Structure = | ||
|Deliqueszenzhumidity = 53 | |Deliqueszenzhumidity = 53.06% | ||
|Solubility = | |Solubility = 7.726 mol/kg | ||
|Density = 1 | |Density = 1.82 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
|MolVolume = 129 | |MolVolume = 129.8 cm<sup>3</sup>/mol | ||
|Molweight = 236 | |Molweight = 236.15 g/mol | ||
|Transparency = | |Transparency = transparent | ||
|Cleavage = | |Cleavage = | ||
|Crystal_Habit = | |Crystal_Habit = | ||
|Twinning = | |Twinning = | ||
|Refractive_Indices = n<sub>x</sub> = 1 | |Refractive_Indices = n<sub>x</sub> = 1.465<br>n<sub>y</sub> = 1.498<br>n<sub>z</sub> = 1.504 | ||
|Birefringence = Δ = 0 | |Birefringence = Δ = 0.039 | ||
|optical_Orientation = negative | |optical_Orientation = negative | ||
|Pleochroism = | |Pleochroism = | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
|chemBehavior = | |chemBehavior = | ||
|Comments = | |Comments = | ||
|Literature =<bib id="Steiger.etal:2014"/> <bib id="Broul.etal:1981"/> | |||
}} | }} | ||
back to [[Nitrate]] | |||
<gallery caption=" | == Solubility == | ||
Image:HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-6.jpg |in simple | [[file:Solubility of calcium nitrate in water.jpg|thumb|800px|left|'''Figure 1''' Solubility of calcium nitrate in water. The molality ''m'' [n(Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•xH<sub>2</sub>O)•kg(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sup>-1</sup>] is plotted versus the temperature.]] | ||
Image:HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-5.jpg|under crossed | </br> | ||
Image: HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-4.jpg|under crossed | </br> | ||
</br> | |||
</br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br></br> | |||
At 20 °C nitrocalcite is the stable phase of calcium nitrate. The salt has got a high solubilty in water and due to the temperature range of its stability it is relevant as a crystallizing phases under ambient conditions. | |||
<br clear=all> | |||
==Hygroscopicity== | |||
[[file:Del Ca(NO3)2 e.jpg|thumb|800px|left|'''Figure 2''' Deliquescence behaviour of calcium nitrate. The water activity ''a<sub>w</sub>'' is plotted versus the temperature.]] | |||
<br clear=all> | |||
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="52%" align="left" class="wikitable" | |||
|+''Table 1: Deliquescence humidities of nitrocalcite at different round temperatures <bib id="Steiger.etal:2014"/>'' | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 0°C | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 10°C | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 20°C | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 30°C | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 40°C | |||
|bgcolor = "#F0F0F0" align=center| 50°C | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 63.8%r.h. | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 58.8%r.h. | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 53.1%r.h. | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 46.0%r.h. | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 35.5%r.h. | |||
|bgcolor = "#FFFFEO" align=center| 21.3%r.h. (Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>•3H<sub>2</sub>O) | |||
|} | |||
<br clear=all> | |||
==Under the polarizing microscope == | |||
<gallery caption="Crystallized from a saturated solution with ethanol addition" widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3"> | |||
Image:HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-6.jpg |in simple polarized light | |||
Image:HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-5.jpg|under crossed polarizers | |||
Image: HJS Ca(NO3)2 101703-4-4.jpg|under crossed polarizers and Red I | |||
</gallery> <gallery caption="Crystallized in a [[micro climate chamber]]" widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3"> | |||
Image: HJS Ca(NO3)2 102003-4MC-0.jpg|in simple polarized light | |||
Image: HJS Ca(NO3)2 102003-4MC-1.jpg|under crossed polarizers and Red I | |||
</gallery> | |||
== Weblinks<br> == | == Weblinks<br> == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
== Literature == | ==Literature== | ||
<biblist/> | |||
< | |||
[[Category:Nitrocalcite]][[Category:Nitrate]][[Category:Salt]][[Category: | [[Category:Nitrocalcite]][[Category:Nitrate]][[Category:Salt]][[Category:InProgress]][[Category:List]] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:58, 3 May 2023
| Nitrocalcite[1] | |
2_101703-10-1.jpg)
| |
| Mineralogical name | Nitrocalcite |
| Chemical name | Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate |
| Trivial name | Nitrate of lime |
| Chemical formula | Ca(NO3)2•4H2O |
| Other forms | Ca(NO3)2•2H2O (calcium nitrate dihydrate) Ca(NO3)2•3H2O (calcium nitrate trihydrate) |
| Crystal system | monoclinic |
| Crystal structure | |
| Deliquescence humidity 20°C | 53.06% |
| Solubility (g/l) at 20°C | 7.726 mol/kg |
| Density (g/cm³) | 1.82 g/cm3 |
| Molar volume | 129.8 cm3/mol |
| Molar weight | 236.15 g/mol |
| Transparency | transparent |
| Cleavage | |
| Crystal habit | |
| Twinning | |
| Phase transition | |
| Chemical behavior | |
| Comments | |
| Crystal Optics | |
| Refractive Indices | nx = 1.465 ny = 1.498 nz = 1.504 |
| Birefringence | Δ = 0.039 |
| Optical Orientation | negative |
| Pleochroism | |
| Dispersion | |
| Used Literature | |
| [Steiger.etal:2014]Title: Weathering and Deterioration Author: Steiger, Michael; Charola A. Elena; Sterflinger, Katja  [Broul.etal:1981]Title: Solubility in organic two component systemsAuthor: Broul M., Nyvlt J.; Soehnel O.
| |
back to Nitrate
Solubility[edit]
At 20 °C nitrocalcite is the stable phase of calcium nitrate. The salt has got a high solubilty in water and due to the temperature range of its stability it is relevant as a crystallizing phases under ambient conditions.
Hygroscopicity[edit]
2_e.jpg)
| 0°C | 10°C | 20°C | 30°C | 40°C | 50°C |
| 63.8%r.h. | 58.8%r.h. | 53.1%r.h. | 46.0%r.h. | 35.5%r.h. | 21.3%r.h. (Ca(NO3)2•3H2O) |
Under the polarizing microscope[edit]
- Crystallized from a saturated solution with ethanol addition
in simple polarized light
under crossed polarizers
under crossed polarizers and Red I
2_101703-4-6.jpg)
2_101703-4-5.jpg)
2_101703-4-4.jpg)
- Crystallized in a micro climate chamber
in simple polarized light
under crossed polarizers and Red I
2_102003-4MC-0.jpg)
2_102003-4MC-1.jpg)
Weblinks
[edit]
- ↑ http://www.mindat.org/min-2919.html seen on 29.07.2010
Literature[edit]
| [Broul.etal:1981] | Elsevier (eds.) Broul M., Nyvlt J.; Soehnel O. (1981): Solubility in organic two component systems, Elsevier | |
| [Steiger.etal:2014] | Steiger, Michael; Charola A. Elena; Sterflinger, Katja (2014): Weathering and Deterioration. In: Siegesmund S.; Snethlage R. (eds.): Stone in Architecture, Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 223-316, 10.1007/978-3-642-45155-3_4. | |