Building Materials

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Author: Hans-Jürgen Schwarz, Heiner Siedel

Back to Deterioration Patterns


Abstract

Damage to natural stone is omnipresent. Typical deterioration patterns resulting from the presence of salts in natural stone are shown below. For a detailed list and description of the various types of deterioration, see ICOMOS-ISCS publication [Verges-Belmin.etal:2008]Title: Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns
Author: Vergès-Belmin, Veronique; Anson-Cartwright, Tamara; Bourguignon, Elsa; Bromblet, Philippe; Cassar, Jo Ann; Charola, Elena; DeWitte, Eddy; Delgado-Rodriguez, Jose; Fassina, Vasco; Fitzner, Bernd; Fortier, Laurent; Franzen, Christoph; Garcia de Miguel, José-Maria; Hyslop, Ewan; Klingspor-Rotstein, Marie; Kwiatkowski, Daniel; Krumbein, Wolfgang; Lefèvre, Roger-Alexandre; Maxwell, Ingval; McMillan, Andrew; Michoinova, Dagmar; Nishiura, Tadaretu; Queisser, Andreas; Pallot-Frossard, Isabelle; Scherrer, George W.; Simon, Stefan; Snethlage, Rolf; Tourneur, Francis; Van Hees, Rob; Varti-Matarangas, Myrsini; Warscheid, Tomas; Winterhalter, Kati; Young, David
Link to Google Scholar


Alveolar Weathering

Examples of alveolar weathering (see [Heckmann:1995]Title: Untersuchung der Alveolarverwitterung (AV) an der Marienkirche (Marienberg, Sachsen)
Author: Heckmann
Link to Google Scholar,[Livingston:1994]Title: Influence of evaporite minerals on gypsum crusts and alveolar weathering
Author: Livingston, R. A.
Link to Google Scholar, [Laue.etal:2005]Title: Alveolarverwitterung und schichtparalleles Auswittern der Kreidesandsteine an der Kirche von Leuba /Sachsen
Author: Laue, Steffen; Siedel, Heiner; Hilbert, Georg; Pfefferkorn, Stephan
Link to Google Scholar and [Siedel:2008]Title: Salt-induced alveolar weathering of rhyolite tuff on a building: causes and processes
Author: Siedel, Heiner
Link to Google Scholar[Laue.etal:2004]Title: Alveolar (honeycomb) weathering of Cretaceous building sandstone on the church of Leuba (Upper Lusatia,Germany): causes, processes, damages.
Author: Laue, Steffen; Siedel, Heiner; Pfefferkorn, Stephan
Link to Google Scholar [Siedel:2010]Title: Alveolar weathering of Cretaceous building sandstones on monuments in Saxony, Germany
Author: Siedel, Heiner
Link to Google Scholar).

  • Alveolar Weathering
  • Alveolar weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, general view of the deteriorating wall.

    Alveolar weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, general view of the deteriorating wall.

  • Alveolar weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, detail.

    Alveolar weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, detail.

  • Alveolar Weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, close-up.

    Alveolar Weathering at Kronborg Castle in Denmark, close-up.

Literatur

[Heckmann:1995]Heckmann (1995): Untersuchung der Alveolarverwitterung (AV) an der Marienkirche (Marienberg, Sachsen), unveröffentlichter Bericht.Link to Google Scholar
[Laue.etal:2004]Laue, Steffen; Siedel, Heiner; Pfefferkorn, Stephan (2004): Alveolar (honeycomb) weathering of Cretaceous building sandstone on the church of Leuba (Upper Lusatia,Germany): causes, processes, damages.. In: Kwiatkowski, Daniel; Löfvendahl, Runo (eds.): Proceedings of the 10th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, ICOMOS, 211-218.Link to Google Scholar
[Laue.etal:2005]Laue, Steffen; Siedel, Heiner; Hilbert, Georg; Pfefferkorn, Stephan (2005): Alveolarverwitterung und schichtparalleles Auswittern der Kreidesandsteine an der Kirche von Leuba /Sachsen. In: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, 156 (1), 141-149Link to Google Scholar
[Livingston:1994]Livingston, R. A. (1994): Influence of evaporite minerals on gypsum crusts and alveolar weathering. In: Fassina, V.; H, Ott; Zezza, F. (eds.): The conservation of monuments in the Mediterranean Basin. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium, Venice, 1994,Soprintendenza ai Beni Artistici e Storici di Venezia 101-107.Link to Google Scholar
[Siedel:2008]Siedel, Heiner (2008): Salt-induced alveolar weathering of rhyolite tuff on a building: causes and processes. In: Ottosen, Lisbeth M.; Rörig-Dalgaard, Inge; Larsen , Poul Klenz; Brajer, Isabelle; Bøllingtoft, Peder; Marciniak, Mette; Svane, Maja (eds.): Salt Weathering on Buildings and Stone Sculptures, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 79-88.Link to Google ScholarFulltext link
[Siedel:2010]Siedel, Heiner (2010): Alveolar weathering of Cretaceous building sandstones on monuments in Saxony, Germany. In: Prikryl, R; Torok, A. (eds.): Natural Stone Resources for Historical Monuments. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Geological Society, London, 11-23, Url, 10.1144/SP333.2.Link to Google Scholar
[Verges-Belmin.etal:2008] Vergès-Belmin, Veronique; Anson-Cartwright, Tamara; Bourguignon, Elsa; Bromblet, Philippe; Cassar, Jo Ann; Charola, Elena; DeWitte, Eddy; Delgado-Rodriguez, Jose; Fassina, Vasco; Fitzner, Bernd; Fortier, Laurent; Franzen, Christoph; Garcia de Miguel, José-Maria; Hyslop, Ewan; Klingspor-Rotstein, Marie; Kwiatkowski, Daniel; Krumbein, Wolfgang; Lefèvre, Roger-Alexandre; Maxwell, Ingval; McMillan, Andrew; Michoinova, Dagmar; Nishiura, Tadaretu; Queisser, Andreas; Pallot-Frossard, Isabelle; Scherrer, George W.; Simon, Stefan; Snethlage, Rolf; Tourneur, Francis; Van Hees, Rob; Varti-Matarangas, Myrsini; Warscheid, Tomas; Winterhalter, Kati; Young, David (2008): Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns, ICOMOS, UrlLink to Google Scholar
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