Chloride

Author: Hans-Jürgen Schwarz
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Overview

In this overview the most frequently occurring salts with Chloride as the anion are listed. The various salt phases are discussed in detail on separate pages, their occurrence and their damage potential is explained and the damage symptoms are illustrated in an documentation.

Salt	Formula	Solubility at 20°C	Deliqueszenz-humidity	Light refraction	Birefringence	Notes
Bischofite	MgCl2•6H2O	5.75 mol/kg	33.1%	nx =1.495 ny = 1.509 nz = 1.528	Δ = 0.003	decomposes at 116-118°C hygroscopic and deliquescent
Tachyhydrite	CaMg2Cl6•12H2O			no= 1.520-1.522 ne = 1.512-1.513	Δ = 0.008-0.009	hygroscopic and deliquescent
Fluorite	CaF2	0.016 g/l (18°C)		n = 1.434
Halite	NaCl	6.135 mol/kg	75.4%	nD=1.5443		water soluble
Calcium chloride
Antarcticite	CaCl2•6H2O	6.712 mol/kg	33.3%	no =1.417-1.494 ne = 1.393-1.550	Δ= 0.024	hygroscopic and deliquescent
Calcium chloride tetrahydrate	CaCl2•4H2O
Sinjarite	CaCl2•2H2O
Carnallite	KMgCl3•6H2O			nx=1.466 ny=1.475 nz=1.949
Chlorocalcite	KCaCl3			nx= ny=1.52 nz=
Sylvite	KCl	4.595 mol/kg	85.0%	n=1.4903
Sal ammoniac	NH4Cl	37.4 g/l	82% (10°C), 80% (20°C), 77% (30°C)	n = 1.639

Name	Formula	Solubility [g/l] 20°C	Deliqueszenz-humidity	Light refraction/ Birefringence	Notes
Bischofite	MgCl2•6H2O	1670 540 (20)	32,8(25), 33,5(10)	nx = 1,494 ny = 1,507 nz = 1,528 Δ = 0,034	decomposes at 116-118 ° C hygroscopic and deliquescent
Antarcticite	CaCl2•6H2O	5360	28,6(25), 30,8(20), 41(0)	no = 1,417 ne = 1,393 Δ = 0,024	hygroscopic and deliquescent
Halite	NaCl	358	75,3(25), 75,7(10)	n = 1,544
Sylvite	KCl	344	84,3(25), 86,8(10)	n = 1,490
Tachyhydrite	CaMg2Cl6•12H2O			no = 1,520-1,522 ne= 1,512-1,513 Δ = 0,008-0,009	hygroscopic and deliquescent
Fluorite(Fluorspar)	CaF2	0.016 (18)		n = 1.434
Sal ammoniac	NH4Cl			n = 1.693

an atom or molecule with a negative electrical charge.