Chloride
Author: Hans-Jürgen Schwarz
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Overview[edit]
This overview lists the most frequently occurring salts with chloride as the anion. The various salt phases are discussed in detail on separate pages, their occurrence and their damage potential is explained and the damage patterns are illustrated in a documentation.
| Salt | Formula | Solubility at 20°C | Deliqueszenz-humidity | Light refraction | Birefringence | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bischofite | MgCl2•6H2O | 5.75 mol/kg | 33.1% | nx =1.495 ny = 1.509 nz = 1.528 |
Δ = 0.003 | decomposes at 116-118°C hygroscopic and deliquescent |
| Tachyhydrite | CaMg2Cl6•12H2O | no= 1.520-1.522 ne = 1.512-1.513 |
Δ = 0.008-0.009 | hygroscopic and deliquescent | ||
| Fluorite | CaF2 | 0.016 g/l (18°C) | n = 1.434 | |||
| Halite | NaCl | 6.135 mol/kg | 75.4% | nD=1.5443 | water soluble | |
| Calcium chloride | ||||||
| Antarcticite | CaCl2•6H2O | 6.712 mol/kg | 33.3% | no =1.417-1.494 ne = 1.393-1.550 |
Δ= 0.024 | hygroscopic and deliquescent |
| Calcium chloride tetrahydrate | CaCl2•4H2O | |||||
| Sinjarite | CaCl2•2H2O | |||||
| Carnallite | KMgCl3•6H2O | nx=1.466 ny=1.475 nz=1.949 |
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| Chlorocalcite | KCaCl3 | nx= ny=1.52 nz= |
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| Sylvite | KCl | 4.595 mol/kg | 85.0% | n=1.4903 | ||
| Sal ammoniac | NH4Cl | 37.4 g/l | 82% (10°C), 80% (20°C), 77% (30°C) | n = 1.639 |